纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, NOS)是评价观察性研究的常用工具之一，适用于病例对照研究和队列研究。本文重点讲述队列研究的NOS评价标准。
关键词：Meta分析; 队列研究质量评价; 病例对照研究质量评价; 观察性研究质量评价; 纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表; NOS量表
一、队列研究的NOS量表使用方法
NOS量表包含研究对象选择、可比性、结局测量3个方面，共8个条目，评价采用计分制。除Comparability (组间可比性)最高可计2分外，其余条目均最高可计1分，满分为9分，分值越高表示研究质量越高。
二、队列研究的NOS量表评价清单
| Bias domain 偏倚域 | Signalling question 条目 | Response options 回答选项 |
| Selection 译文：研究对象选择 | 1. Representativeness of the exposed cohort | ① Truly representative (one star); ② Somewhat representative (one star); ③ Selected group; ④ No description of the derivation of the cohort |
| 译文：1. 暴露组的代表性 | 译文：①对暴露人群具有很好的代表性(得1分)；②对暴露人群具有一定程度的代表性(得1分)；③仅能代表某类人群；④未描述暴露组来源(代表性)情况 | |
| 2. Selection of the non-exposed cohort | ① Drawn from the same community as the exposed cohort (one star); ② Drawn from a different source; ③ No description of the derivation of the non exposed cohort | |
| 译文：2. 非暴露组的选择 | 译文：①与暴露组来自相同的人群(得1分)；②与暴露组来自不同人群；③未描述非暴露组来源(代表性)情况 | |
| 3. Ascertainment of exposure | ① Secure record (e.g., surgical record) (one star); ② Structured interview (one star); ③ Written self report; ④ No description; ⑤ Other | |
| 译文：3. 暴露因素的确定 | 译文：①明确的档案资料记录(如外科手术记录)(得1分)；②结构式访谈(得1分)；③研究对象自我报告；④未描述；⑤其他 | |
| 4. Demonstration that outcome of interest was not present at start of study | ① Yes (one star); ② No | |
| 译文：4. 明确在研究起始时未发生结局事件 | 译文：①是(得1分)；②否 | |
| Comparability 译文：组间可比性 | Comparability of cohorts on the basis of the design or analysis controlled for confounders | ① The study controls for age, sex and marital status (one star); ② Study controls for other factors (list) ________________(one star); ③ Cohorts are not comparable on the basis of the design or analysis controlled for confounders |
| 译文：设计和统计分析时考虑了暴露组和未暴露组的可比性，以控制混杂因素 | 译文：①研究控制了年龄、性别、婚姻状态等变量，基线资料可比(得1分)；②研究控制了任何其他混杂因素(详细列出)_________________(得1分)；③设计和统计分析时未考虑暴露组和未暴露组的可比性，未控制混杂因素 | |
| Outcome 译文：结局测量 | 1. Assessment of outcome | ① Independent blind assessment (one star); ② Record linkage (one star); ③ Self report; ④ No description ; ⑤ Other |
| 译文：1. 结局评价是否充分 | 译文：①盲法独立评价(得1分)；②基于记录资料评价(得1分)；③自我报告；④未描述；⑤其他 | |
| 2. Was follow-up long enough for outcomes to occur | ① Yes (one star); ② No Indicate the median duration of follow-up and a brief rationale for the assessment above:____________________ | |
| 译文：2. 随访时间是否足够长 | 译文：①是(得1分)；②否注明中位随访时间和上述评价的简要理由：________________ | |
| 3. Adequacy of follow-up of cohorts | ① Complete follow up- all subject accounted for (one star); ② Subjects lost to follow up unlikely to introduce bias- number lost less than or equal to 20% or description of those lost suggested no different from those followed (one star); ③ Follow up rate less than 80% and no description of those lost; ④ No statement | |
| 译文：3. 暴露组和非暴露组的随访是否充分 | 译文：①对所有研究对象进行了完整的随访(得1分)；②有少量的研究对象失访(低于20%)，或失访比例不太可能引入偏倚(失访者和未失访者之间重要特征无差异)(得1分)；③随访率低于80%，无失访描述；④未描述随访情况 |
注：本文内容是参考相关文献后对纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, NOS)的概述，仅代表本网站观点。关于NOS 的更多内容详见网站(https://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp)或论文Newcastle-Ottawa Scale: comparing reviewers' to authors' assessments 。
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